Tæĺf morphological breakdown

Please see PDF file for smooth Tæĺf text.

zæĺf+brər, tæśt+z bam jæŕf+z bam kyhkal hænsət+z ðæĺń-PostBound kæssym+vəuā fæðrək+z+vyr boa/val-PostBound+ań. kyhkal kæĺk+z dáur+an. auny+yuðəuā et+z kfə+kəu+táumaj zæĺf+snaðæ máulan+aŋ jəulys læjkəs jæks+sjææā ə(u)+lækþ+þa sæsləs+snáðææ zæĺf sáurak+aþ máulan+aŋ. fətsī læŕk+z taunasásē+ań bam jaufatátē+ań, bam fətsī væŕŕ-PostBound dæjs zæfŕ-PostBound+byr/vyr aðy(u)+yuðəuā jæks-PostBound kæðəm+z+þa báuyao/váuŋal+ań byo lyuryusáujər+brəŕ/vrəŕ kelg/keok+yuðəuā ráug+saya+as.

Tæĺf glossary

verbs

(w/b)áutań	wātana		speak
sáurań		sārana		listen
fáural		fārala		recount
jaatamatee	gātavatī		want
sáurak		sāraka		know
(v/b)áujak	vājaka		bring
(ŋ/y)áusaŕ	ŋāsara		hear
kaasyáree	kāsajarī		hide
raamalásee	rāmalasī		sit
máulat		mālata		be quiet
fáuðaŕ		fāðara		write
dáuŕ			dār			~be, exist
kaadamálee	kādavalī		wander
máulaŕ		mālara		guard, care for, act as a sentinal
jáuhaĺ		jāhala		depart ofr/towards, leave for (+iðēa)
máuf			māv			see
mauzajánee	māzajanī		need

(v/b)ao		vāl			gather
táumaś		tāmaja		do
máulań		mālana		believe
jáukas		jākasa		be good
taunasásē	tānasas		danse
jaufatátē	gāfatatī		sing
(b/v)auya(o/ĺ)	vāŋala		send
sáujəŕ		sāgara		follow
ráuk			rāg			lead

nouns

(v/b)ær(v/b)ək		vērvok		theif
hænf					hēnfo			shrine, temple
þærfəń				þērfon		priest, profit
dæf					dēv			word
gæĺs					gēlso			silver
kær(s/z)				kērzo			crystal
læzś					lēzjo			item
kæń					kēn			sun, day
bæŕń					vērno			truth
lævrəń				lēvron		falsehood
kæ(o/l)dəś			kēldoj		fortune, prophecy, prediction
jærməs				gērmos		tear (liquid)
kæśĺ					kēglo			pain
læńś					lēnjo			distance
jæŕń					jērno			place
mæf					mēv			sight

dæśs					dējzo			spring
zæĺf					zēlvo			winter
kæssymh				kēssom		grass
fæðrək				fēðrok		stone, rock
kæĺk					kēlko			wolf
læŕk					lērko			subdeity
jæks					jēkso			good
læjkəs				lējkos		evil
lækþ					lēkþö			difference
sæsləs				sēslos		evidence
zæfŕ					zēfro			sky, heaven, air
kæsðəm	 			kēsðom		greeting

adjs

tæj(t/d)				tējdo			old
hæńsə(t/d)			hēnsod		young
jæŕ(f/v/b)			gērvo			sick
ðæĺń					ðēlno			soft
læŕk					lērko			eternal
jæks					jēkso			good
læjkəs				lējkos		evil
væŕŕ					vērro			green

postpositions

þa 				þā				ACC
(b/v)yŕ			vir			in
(b/v)əuā			veā			at, LOC
yuðəuā			iðeā			to, DAT
ðeehii			ðīhī			for (on behalf of)
sjyurəŕ			sjyrer		after
ljaustyŕ			ljāstir		about
(b/v)rəŕ			vrer			during
tjaŋh				tjōŋ			because, since, because of
snáðææ			snáðē			by, with, using; performed by, done by, INSTR
sjææā				sjēā			from, originating in

pronouns

ri					rjo			here (1)
rjas				rjas			there (2)
rjaþ				rjað			there (3)
et					eto			this (1)
etas				etas			that (2)
etaþ				etað			that (3)
-, ə(u)-			-o, o-		I (1)
-as, asy(u)-	-as, asi-	you (2)
-aþ, aðy(u)-	-að, aði-	he/she/it (3)
-aŋh, auŋjy(u)-	-āŋ, āŋgi-	us (1)
-aþ, auþy(u)-	-āþ, āþi-	you pl. (2)
-ań, auny(u)-	-ān, āni-	them (3)

other stuff

autsəok			ātselk		only
-(ə)k				-ke			question particle
teemə(u)-		tēme-			doer
bamh				vām			and
fətsii			fétsī			if
jəulyś			jelyj			but
kyhkao			kuhkal		much, very, a lot
byo				vle			reflexive particle
keok				kīlg			other (used as noun, adjective.. not quite regularly formed...)
-saya-			-saŋa-		imperative marker
-z					N/A			plural

Tæĺf grammar notes

Prebound and Postbound forms of nouns and verbs are forms that make more phonological sense for how to take on other morphemes (prebound takes stuff before it; postbound takes stuff after it; citation form is what's found in the dictionary and is also nominative case). A noun solely in the post-bound form is an adjective modifying the next noun.

Normal sentence word order is SOV.

Postpositions come after the nouns that are modified by them, and attach to its postbound form.

Pronouns attached to a post-bound form noun are simple present tense. Pronouns attached to a pre-bound form noun make possessed nouns (e.g. ME+HOUSE-PreBound = my house; IT+COLD-PreBound = its coldness).

Consonants with an h after them or an acute accent (´) above them (e.g. ĺ, ŋh, &c) are unvoiced.

participles are made with the following morphemes bound to the beginning of verbs:

lyury(u) = present"[person who is] eating"
ly(u) = past"[person who has] eaten"
aurə(u) = future"[person who] will eat"
kə(u) = passive"[apple which was] eaten"
gfo/kfo + participle morpheme = perfective:
kfolyury = present perfective"[apple which is] being eaten"
... past perf"[apple which has] been eaten"
... future perf"[apple which] will be being eaten"
... passive perf"[apple which has been] eaten"
or something like that

The plural morpheme in this dialect of Tæĺf is -z. In other dialects first vowel of the whichever form (prebound, postbound, or citation)'s template is replaced with əula (X-SAMPA: @uL6).

The entries in vocab.txt are in the following order:

Tæĺf		Tēlvo			English
Tēlvo is an ancestor of Tæĺf; it's the source from which Tæĺf words are derived.

Smooth English translation

During winter, the old and the weak and also the young gather inside of the stone which is ~at the soft grass. Also, there's a wolf. We believe these things are done to them by winter, but, we believe that winter evidently knows (evil's difference from good / the difference between good and evil). If sub-deities dance and sing, and, if the green spring sends good greetings to you in the air, while one follows oneself, lead to the other.

Smooth English translation of previous language

In the winter, the old and the weak/sick, and also the young, always gather inside the stones that are in the soft grass. And also there are wolves. We think that winter causes things to be done to them, but we think that winter evidently/obviously knows the difference between good and evil. It is said that if daemons/fairies/spirits dance and sing, and if the green spring sends through the air their happy greetings to you, while following oneself, please lead to the other one.